Granular surface - helps protect this Asphalt/SBS Rubber based product against water
Modified can last a long time when installed on a low slope roof with a minimum 1/12 pitch.
Smooth Modified can be coated with a white elastometric or other protective coating every 3 to 7 years to extend its life will beyond most 10-year warranties.
Both the GTA & STA have a polyester mat for increased water resistance.
Disadvantages
Most warranties are 10 to 12-year material only.
Degrades very quickly on flat roofs with standing water (usually within 5 years.
Left uncoated modified will degrade with exposure to the sun, ice & water.
Most modified is applied with an open flame or torch (GTA & STA) for the best adhesion, creating a risk if not installed properly.
TPO (Thermoplastic Polyolefin)
Advantages
Seams are heat welded to avoid adhesive failures
White Surface reflects 85% of harmful U.V. rays to extend the lifespan of white TPO
TPO is a fully adhered roof membrane secured by screwing through the underlying wood decking, making it more secure than modified roofing. Adhesive can be used to assist bonding, especially at flashings.
Disadvantages
TPO Surface bonding to the reinforced mesh has been a manufacturing problem with many manufacturers. The most reliable product that has proven stability is manufactured by Carlisle.
TPO is vulnerable to impact from hail.
Reinforcement in TPO is a lot less than in reinforced PVC woven reinforced membrane.